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Wichita Falls is a city in and the county seat of Wichita County, Texas, United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 Wichita Falls is the principal city of the Wichita Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses all of Archer, Clay and Wichita counties. According to the 2010 census, the city had a population of 104,553 making it the twenty-ninth most populous city in the state of Texas. In addition to Sheppard Air Force Base, Wichita Falls is also home to the Newby-McMahon Building, constructed downtown in 1919 and since known as the "world's littlest skyscraper". ==History== The Choctaw Native Americans settled the area in the early 19th century from their native Mississippi area once Americans negotiated to relocate them after the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wichita Falls History )〕 American Settlers arrived in the 1860s to form cattle ranches. The city was officially titled Wichita Falls on September 27, 1872. On that day, a sale of town lots was held at what is now the corner of Seventh and Ohio streets – the birthplace of the city. The Fort Worth & Denver City Railway arrived in September 1882, the same year the city became the county seat of Wichita County.〔 The city grew westwards from the original FW&DC train depot which was located at the northwest corner of Seventh Street and the FW&DC.〔 This area is now referred to as the Depot Square Historic District, which has been declared a Texas Historic Landmark. The early history of Wichita Falls well into the 20th century also rests on the work of two entrepreneurs, Joseph A. Kemp〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brian Hart, "Joseph Alexander Kemp" )〕 and his brother-in-law, Frank Kell. Kemp and Kell were pioneers in food processing and retailing, flour milling, railroads, cattle, banking, and oil.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kell, Frank )〕 A flood in 1886 destroyed the original falls on the Wichita River for which the city was named.〔("WICHITA RIVER" ), ''Handbook of Texas Online'', accessed April 12, 2013. Published by the Texas State Historical Association. See also: (Assessment of Channel Changes, Models of Historical Floods and Effects of Backwater on Flood Stage, and Flood Mitigation Alternatives for the Wichita River at Wichita Falls, Texas ) United States Geological Survey〕 After nearly 100 years of visitors wanting to visit the non-existent falls, the city built an artificial waterfall beside the river in Lucy Park. The recreated falls are high and recirculate at 3,500 gallons per minute. They are visible to south-bound traffic on Interstate 44. The city is currently seeking funding to rebuild and restore the downtown area.〔 Downtown Wichita Falls was the city's main shopping area for many years, but lost ground to the creation of new shopping centers throughout the city beginning with Parker Square in 1953 and other similar developments during the 1960s and 1970s, culminating with the opening of Sikes Senter Mall in 1974. Wichita Falls was once home to offices of several oil companies and related industries, along with oil refineries operated by the Continental Oil Company (now Conoco Phillips) until 1952 and Panhandle Oil Company (later American Petrofina) until 1965. Both firms continued to utilize a portion of their former refineries as gasoline/oil terminal facilities for many years. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wichita Falls, Texas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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